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复变换域可视化与语音信号小波全息谱研究
其他题名Visualization of Complex Transform Domain and Wavelets Holo-spectrograms of Speech Signals
郑义
1998-10-01
学位类型工学博士
中文摘要本文研究信号处理中复变换域数据的可视化。提出了适于矢量表示的伪彩色 编码显示的理论和方法,并根据不同类型的信号变换,实现了相应复变换域的编 码显示。着重研究了语音信号小波变换全息谱的编码显示,分析了小波全息谱的 主要特征。 复变换域分析是信号处理的重要方法。完整的复变换域包括实数据场和虚数 据场,通常以幅度谱和相位谱的形式来表现。传统的信号分析只侧重于幅度谱或 功率谱的研究。80年代以来,信号的相位信息特征和信号的相位重构等研究得到 越来越多的重视。 由于迄今显示方法和技术的限制,信号的复变换相位谱图很难得到合适的表 示。通常,二维的相位谱只能表示为灰度调制的平面图象甚至黑白半调图象。所 得的相位谱图都有相位表示不连续和难于判读的缺点。而且,传统的相位谱显示 都是孤立于幅度谱进行的,无法反映信号在复变换域相位—幅度的内在关系。 本文提出并研究能够全面、同时表现复变换域的幅度谱和相位谱的所谓全息 谱编码显示的理论和方法。全息谱编码显示对复矢量进行按幅模和相角的二维编 码处理。对于时-频(或空频)等二维复变换域数据,全息谱编码显示可获得时- 频-幅-相的四维综合显示。 本文研究了全息谱伪彩色编码域的优化选择。在彩色空间中选择以白色和黑 色为顶点的双锥纺锤体外表面作为基本伪彩色编码域。以明度表现幅度谱分量, 以色调表示相位谱分量。这样既保持了与传统谱图按灰度变化的一致性,又由于 彩色空间色度变化的连续性和圆周重复性,保证了相位表示的连续性。根据不同 的应用,选择不同的具体彩色编码方式和编码范围。 本文对色调和明度分辨率进行了优化研究,分别提出并实现了高分辨率和有 限分辨率的伪彩色编码显示。进一步实现了可变分辨率的全息谱伪彩色编码显 示。 本文研究了语音信号的全息声谱显示。提出了对语音信号相位谱规正的方 法,研究了典型信号和典型语音信号的全息声谱。所得的全息声谱,保持了传统 声谱按灰度调制的特点,突出了大幅度分量,淡化了小幅度分量和噪声分量,并 使之融合于白色的背景. 研究了图象信号二维傅里叶变换的全息谱显示.研究了各种典型数字图象信 号的全息谱特征及运动引起的变化. 利用复变换域的全息编码显示,研究了离散信号与系统的z变换域的可视化. 有限分辨率的全息编码方式使z变换的幅-相关系分析十分直观明了. 小波变换打破了传统傅里叶变换时-频域截然分开的局限性,将
英文摘要In this thesis, visualization of complex domain in signal transform is studied. The theory and method of pseudo-color encoding display for vector expressing is proposed. Corresponding encoding displays of complex domain for a variety of signal transform types are implemented. The holo-spectrogram encoding display for wavelets transform of speech signal is studied emphatically, and some primary features of wavelets holo-spectrogram are analyzed. Analysis of complex transform domain is important method for signal processing. A complete complex domain should include a real field and an imaginary field, and is usually represented as magnitude spectrogram and phase spectrogram. Traditional signal analysis emphasizes on magnitude or power spectrogram only. Since 1980's. researches on signal feature of phase information and on reconstruction from phase have been more and more emphasized. Phase spectrogram of signal complex transform is difficult to be represented so far. due to the limitation on display method and technique. Usually, two-dimensional phase spectrogram can be expressed only as a plane picture with grayness-modulation, even as a half tone picture. The expression of obtained phase spectrogram is discontinuous and difficult to read out exactly. Moreover, the representation on traditional phase spectrogram is isolated from its magnitude spectrogram, and the inherent relation between phase and magnitude in the complex transform domain can not be reflected. The theory and method of holo-spectrogram encoding display is proposed and studied in this thesis, which can represent the magnitude and phase spectrograms of complex transform domain overall and simultaneously. The complex vectors are processed and encoded in the holo-spectrogram encoding display, according to their magnitude modules and phase angles. For a two-dimensional complex transform domain in time-frequency (or space-frequencies), a synthesized display in four-dimension, i.e. in time-frequency-magnitude-phase, can be obtained with the holo-spectrogram encoding display. Optimization and selection of the pseudo-color encoding domain for holo-spectrogram display is studied in the thesis. The surface of the twin-cone with white and black apexes in the Color space is chosen as the basic pseudo-color encoding domain. The magnitude components are presented with the brightness, while the phase components with the color hue. Therefore, it keeps the consistency in variation of grayness with traditional spectrogram, and guarantees the continuity of phase display, due to the continuity and reticulation of chromatic variation in the color space. Several concrete methods and ranges of pseudo-color encoding can be chosen for different applications. The resolutions of color hue and brightness are optimized. The pseudo-color encoding displays with high or finite resolution are proposed and implemented, respectively. Moreover, the pseudo-color encoding display
关键词复变换域 可视化 伪彩色编码 全息声谱 小波变换 相位谱 幅度谱 语音处理 图象处理 Z变换 傅里叶变换 Complex Transform Domain Visualization Pseudo-color Encoding Holo-spectrogram Wavelets Transform Phase Spectrogram Magnitude Spe
语种中文
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/5690
专题毕业生_博士学位论文
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
郑义. 复变换域可视化与语音信号小波全息谱研究[D]. 中国科学院自动化研究所. 中国科学院自动化研究所,1998.
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