The study is focused on single view metrology, camera calibration and 3D reconstruction of structured scenes. The main work is summarized as follows: 1. Chapter 2 is focused on plane metrology using a single un-calibrated image, and three novel methods are proposed. The first one uses line correspondences directly to compute homography between the space plane and its image so as to increase the computational accuracy. The second one is based on two orthogonal vanishing points. which first maps the image points to an affine space via a transformation constructed from the vanishing points, and then computes the metric distance according to the relationship between the affine space and the Euclidean space. The third one is based on the invariance of cross ratios to retrieve the lengths of space segments. In addition, a brief description on how to retrieve other geometrical entities on the space plane, such as distance from a point to a line, angle formed by two lines, area of planar objects, etc. is also presented in the chapter. 2. Chapter 3 is focused on single view metrology of 3D scenes. At first, two new methods for the determination of camera projection matrix through the knowledge of the homography of a space reference plane and its vertical vanishing point are presented. Then, three novel approaches to geometric information retrieval of the scene directly from the recovered projection matrix are proposed. The first one is to measure the height of an object on the reference plane. The second one is to take measurement on a vertical plane. The third one is to take measurement on an arbitrary plane with respect to the reference plane. In addition, the approaches to computing the volume and surface area of some certain regular and symmetric objects on the reference plane and to retrieving other geometrical entities are also presented in the chapter. 3. Chapter 4 is mainly focused on the problem of camera calibration and 3D reconstruction from a single view of structured scene. It is proved that two line segments with equal length or known length ratio in the scene can provide a new independent constraint to the image of the absolute conic. The constraint is further studied both in terms of the vanishing points and the images of circular points, and the camera can be calibrated under the widely accepted assumption of zero-skew. This chapter also presents a simple method for the recovery of camera extrinsic parameters and projection matrix with respect to a given world coordinate system. Thus, a scene structure can be reconstructed by combining planar patches. A reconstruction result of a whole building site is presented in the end of this chapter. 4. In chapter 5, a linear approach is proposed to determine the camera's intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. The method is based on the circular points derived from the images of two unparallel coplanar rectangles in space, an
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