In vivo visualization of molecular imaging agents and biological parameters at the molecular and cellular levels is the significant progress of molecular imaging in biomedical imaging technology, compared to traditional modes. With the research and application development, multi-function testing of micro-dose probes and multi-angle track of biological parameters become the cutting-edge science and technology trends of molecular imaging. This research hopes to contribute to the advancement of molecular imaging into a new stage of the multi-modal integration. Multi-modal molecular imaging will provide molecular, functional and anatomical information for preclinical and clinical services, such as early diagnosis and precise treatment of diseases, in vivo evaluation and dynamic monitoring of drugs. Cerenkov luminescence tomography (CLT) is a multi-modal molecular imaging based on the Cerenkov effect, which not only inherits the characteristics of high sensitivity in nuclear medicine and low cost in optical molecular imaging, but also has even more potential in clinical measurement. The basic process of CLT includes multi-angle measurement of medical isotopes by optical molecular imaging device, coupling anatomical structure, and 3D tomography image reconstruction. In view of the imaging device and probe from prototype or mature products, 3D reconstruction becomes the key issue of CLT research and application. From the view of mathematical and computational modeling, the weakness of Cerenkov light penetration, the trace of radioactive drugs in the body with the global sparsity and local aggregation will enhance the ill-posedness of inverse problems, seriously affecting the accuracy and convergence of the approximate solution. Therefore, this thesis focused on treating the ill-conditioned problem of fast reconstruction for whole-body CLT, of which the main contributions are listed as follows: 1. Research on the forward model of CLT through the third-order simplified spherical harmonics approximation (SP3<下标!>). Cerenkov photon propagation in biological tissue and its numerical model is the basis of accurate reconstruction. Designing in vivo 18<上标!>F-FDG experiments, we studied the characteristics of Cerenkov radiation and inverse reconstruction by use of diffusion approximation model and L2<下标!> regularization method. The establishment of the improved SP3<下标!> method was so imperative as to model Cherenkov luminescence e...
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