Recently, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is developed as a new non-invasive brain imaging technology. Researchers apply data analysis methods in information science to fMRI data analysis, and achieve new information which other conventional methods cannot obtain. Then, fMRI becomes a powerful tool for studying the neural mechanisms of the human brain’s cognitive activities. Brain plasticity, as one of the basic properties of brain, has been widespread concerned. Through the study of brain plasticity, we can understand the dynamic changes of the brain’s nervous system and have a better understanding of brain development. And the study of brain plasticity further provides a theoretical basis for the study of the brain’s potential ability. In the study of brain plasticity, most are about disease recovery to study the functional plasticity of the brain cortex. In our study, through the study of the neural mechanisms during rehabilitation, we may not only reveal the changes of the related neural mechanisms during recovery, but also provide valuable evidence for clinical treatment and intervention and important theoretical basis and clues for teaching practice. In addition, besides brain plastic exists in the lesion brains, it is also prevalent during the development of healthy brain. Moreover, because of the patient’s limitations, the experimenter cannot use a sophisticated and time-consuming experimental design. Therefore, using a sophisticated experimental design for the normal subjects after a long period of training, may also provide evidence for brain plasticity. This thesis describes my fMRI-based studies on brain plasticity. Main work can be described in three parts: 1.fMRI combining diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) was adopted to study the brain activity changes and the integrity of white matter connectivity changes during treatment-related rehabilitation in stroke patients, as well as the relations between them. Statistical parametric mapping method based on generalized linear models (GLM) was used to analysis whole brain fMRI data, and we compared the neural activity changes in brain regions before and after rehabilitation. Fractional anisotropy analysis was used to reveal the change of white matter connectivity integrity. Furthermore, correlation analysis was used to investigate relations between brain gray matter activity and white matter integrity before and after rehabilitation. We try to reveal the dynamic brain ...
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