Modern medical imaging began with the discovery of X-ray by Professor Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. From then on, people have experienced two stages of the medical imaging techniques development: structural imaging and functional imaging. Modern medical imaging equipments brought a significant improvement to the conventional medical diagnosis. Along with the accomplishment of human genome sequence and the coming of the post-genome era, it is urgent to develop imaging techniques for the research of diseases mechanism in molecular and gene level and for the early detection of pathological changes before clinical symptoms and the improvement of therapy effects. The molecular imaging, considered as the third generation medical imaging technique, is a powerful method for the real-time and non-invasive observation of physiological and pathological changes in vivo. It is also a data acquirement and analysis method for the research of specific genetic function, biological development and growth, medicine effect and dynamic change. Especially, the bioluminescence tomography (BLT) technique, with advantages of comparatively low price and no harm to the body, has been a new research hotspot in the field of molecular imaging. Research of imaging algorithm has always been a critical factor for the improvement of medical imaging techniques and diagnosis equipments. As a newly development imaging modality, algorithm studies of BLT is in dire need. Besides the efforts on basic theories, research and development of imaging process platform is also important to promote the study of BLT algorithm. Many research institutes have paid much attention to the development of high-quality medical imaging processing platform. Based on this bioluminescence imaging processing platform, researchers can realize many kinds of imaging algorithm, build experimental environments for the comparison and improvement of algorithms. The repetitious work can be avoided and the research of imaging algorithm can be promoted. Furthermore, BLT processing platform can realize the visualization of medical data and the GUI-based interaction, providing clinical researchers the 3D multi-view, multi-layer displaying and facilitating biological and medical study. This dissertation consists of six chapters. Background,current research status and research significance of bioluminescent imaging are presented in the first chapter. Chapter 2 is the introduction of BLT forward problem algorithm. Design of the MOSE framework is presented in Chapter3. The following chapter 4 introduces in detail the study and implementation of main functions in MOSE. The content of chapter 5 is about the experiments and algorithm research based on MOSE. Finally, the chapter 6 gives the conclusion and the future research trends.
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