英文摘要 | Space is the basic form of material existence. Human spatial cognition is a kind of cognitive activity; it is a prerequisite for survival. Spatial cognition is an important research domain of cognitive science as well as geography, cartography, architecture, urban planning, environmental science. The long-term goal of research on spatial cognition is to explain the secrets of human spatial cognition, to build intelligent systems with spatial cognitive abilities and spatial awareness. There are a variety of research topics in the study of spatial cognition. This thesis's main concern is spatial language, the acquirement of spatial knowledge, the representation of spatial knowledge, spatial reasoning, and particularly the spatial representation of indoor environments for service robots. The main contributions are summarized as follows: 1. Research of linguists of Mandarin Chinese on localizers and directional verbs is summed up respectively from semantic, syntax, and cognitive perspective, and spatial semantics of localizers and directional verbs are respectively determined. Different strategies of processing the spatial locative reference framework are summarized. Comprehensive research of Qi Huyang, Fang Jinmin, and Pu Minxiu on spatial system of Mandarin Chinese is respectively summed up and contrasted togetherly, which is supplemented with the research on spatial measurement expressions. A semantic frame is suggested to represent the semantics of spatial measurement expressions. 2. Eight basic semantic concepts are summarized from cross-language research literatures, which are figure, ground, motion, region, direction, frame of reference, perspective, and path. The classification, properties, and selection of frame of reference, strategies for defining an object’s intrinsic orientation features, and the classification and selection of perspective are elaborated. A new classification of frame of reference is presented on the basis of the comparison of Fang’s spatial locative reference framework and Levinson's three major frames of reference. Talmy’s path model is revised and a new path model is proposed in view of the semantics and syntax of directional verbs. Formal encoding of eight basic semantic concepts in Chinese is analyzed in detail. 3. The necessity to separate the surface semantics of spatial language from the non-linguistic, situation-specific interpretation of space is po... |
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