| 英文摘要 | Hospital Information System (HIS) is defined as a Medical and Management Information System based on computer. The study of HIS is a leading field of Medical Informatics (MI). By means of joining the project " Hospital Information System for the General Hospital of Ministry of Power ", sponsored by the High-tech Program of the State Scientific and Technological Commission(SSTC), we make a thorough study of HIS with the structure of Client/Server. First, the main reason that hinders the development of HIS is analysed, which is the contradiction between the complexity of HIS and inadequate resources; Information integrity is the objective demand and development direction of HIS. In accordance with the two aspects, a new idea of Dynamic Objective system is proposed. Second, the concept, structure, characteristic and superiority of Client/Server structure are discussed. In light of the essential factors that determine the choice of system structure of HIS, we hold the view that Client/Server is a necessary and inevitable choice of HIS. The complexity of HIS makes it different from general MIS. Traditional Life Cycle Approach is possible to make the development of HIS more difficult and less effective, while Prototyping Approach is unique of its efficiency and flexibility. Therefore, a new approach that combines the two methods is proposed, which can make up for each other's limitations and give full play to their merits. Practical procedure of this method is given in the third chapter. Fourth, we make a detailed study of Client/Server Information System: advancing the main principle of dividing functions of Client and Server, discussing the design steps of Client/Server system, proposing the general principle of improving the performance of system by the analysis of queueing model. HIS has its distinguishing features. In the fifth chapter, we give an exhaustive discussion of HIS, including system design idea, method of system integration and concrete scheme of Client/Server structure. Previous HIS is developed around medical expenses. It is unreasonable. In comparison with such system, the idea is original that patient information is the heart of whole system and should be considered as a main thread running through the system. On the basis of the former discussion of Client/Server structure, a specific scheme is raised, that means the choice of network operating system, network Database and developing tools. The sketchy function and structure of this system are given in this thesis. In the end, prospects of HIS study are suggested. In the near future, CPR (Computer-based Patient Record), PACS(Picture Archive and Commtmications System) and MDSS(Medical Decision Support System) will develop quickly. Internet is certain to play an important role in HIS. |
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