英文摘要 | As an interdisciplinary research area covering wireless communications, embedded computing systems, microelectronics, intelligent control, modern sensor technology, etc., wireless sensor network (WSN) has broad application prospects in many fields, e.g., environmental monitoring, smart home, modern agriculture, etc.. Two application systems of WSN, a monitoring system for the physical condition of old people and a wireless communication system for the earthquake rescue robot, are presented in this thesis. Focusing on the hardware platform of WSN, sensor node localization and robot navigation in WSN, this thesis mainly consists of the following contents: Firstly, the thesis broadly introduces some basic concepts in WSN, including the structure and characteristics of the network, hot issues in this area, and the hardware platform of the sensor node. By analyzing and referencing the design of some typical sensor nodes, a sensor node is designed in this thesis which is simple and low-cost. This node contains four parts, the processing module, RF module, sensor module and energy module. All these modules can be easily assembled and reused in different application environments, which reduces the cost of hardware systems. Secondly, based on the wireless sensor network, a monitoring system is designed. It can monitor the old men's physical condition in real time by collecting and analyzing their body temperature, blood pressure and pulse and detecting whether the old man is tumbled. In this application system, a routing protocol based on the IDs of the sensor nodes is presented and a method is proposed to make the mobile node spontaneously enter or quit a local area network while it crosses these subregions. Thirdly, in order to estimate the positions of old people who fall over or who need help, an in-door localization algorithm, named dynamic transmission power based localization, is proposed. By regulating its transmission power dynamically and analyzing the reply packets from beacon nodes, the target node's position can be calculated. Unlike other schemes, extra equipments and range information are unnecessary here and the performance of this algorithm is verified by both computer simulations and real-world experiments. Lastly, a wireless communication system, which takes the sensor nodes as relays to transmit packets and wireless information between rescue robot and control center, is designed and an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) based robot n... |
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